Эмерсон Кэрил, профессор славянских языков и литературы и сравнительного литературоведения в Принстонском университете, Пристон, Нью-Джерси, 08544, CША. E-mail: cemerson@princeton.edu
Взрывной успех вызывает обратную реакцию и забрасывание «комьями грязи», а они летели в Бахтина много раз и по многим разным причинам. В этой статье я рассматриваю биографию Бахтина, написанную Алексеем Коровашко в истории антибахтинистики, и пытаюсь оценить «тактику Коровашко»: в чем, на мой взгляд, она ошибочна, и какие уроки мы можем извлечь из нее в свете учения Бахтина (особенно в контексте его теории любви). Затем я приведу два более продуктивных подхода, с помощью которых мы можем критиковать Бахтина: одно посвящено Бахтину и телу (Дик Мак-Ко); другое – Бахтину и духу (Михаил Эпштейн).
Михаил Бахтин; биография; постмодернизм; вненаходимость; карнавальное тело; пластика; алмазное правило; Алексей Коровашко; Михаил Эпштейн; Дик Мак-Ко
01.08.2021
12.09.2021
Эмерсон К. Странная мода на ниспровержение Бахтина (и в чем ошибка) // Литературоведческий журнал. 2021. № 4(54). С. 194–211. (In English) DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2021.54.12
1. Bakhtin, M.M. “From Notes Made in 1970–71”. Speech Genres and Other Late Essays, trans. Vern W. McGee, ed. by Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. University of Texas Press, Austin, 1986, pp. 132–158.
2. Bakhtin, M.M. Sobranie sochinenii [v 6 (7) t.] [Collected Works : in 6 (7) vols]. Vol. 1. Moscow: Russkie slovari Publ., Yazyki slavyanskoi kultury Publ., 2003. 955 p. 172–173. (In Russ.)
3. Bakhtin, M.M. Sobranie sochinenii [v 6 (7) t.] [Collected Works : in 6 (7) vols]. Vol. 6. Moscow: Russkii Slovari Publ., Yazyki slavyanskoi kultury Publ., 2002. 799 p. (In Russ.)
4. Brandist, C. “Konteksty Bakhtina: Neobkhodimost' intellektual'noi istorii” [“Bakhtin's Contexts: The Indispensability of Intellectual History”]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 79, 2006, pp. 55–67. (In Russ.)
5. Brandist, C. The Bakhtin Circle. Philosophy, Culture and Politics. London: Pluto Press, 2002. 240 p.
6. Dolgorukova, N. “‘Chto mogli by kochevniki skazat' ob Ovidii?’ Retsenziya na knigu A.V. Korovashko o M.M. Bakhtine” [“‘What would the nomads have said about Ovid?’ A review of A.V. Korovashko’s book on Bakhtin”]. Filosofiya.
Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, vol. 1. no. 3, pp. 183–190. (In Russ.)
7. Emerson, С. “Bakhtin and the actor (with constant reference to Shakespeare)”. Studies in East European Thought, vol. 67, no. 3/4, 2015, pp. 183–207.
8. Emerson, С. “Dvadtsat' pyat' let spustya: Gasparov o Bakhtine” [“Twenty-five Years Later: Gasparov on Bakhtin”]. Voprosy literatury, no. 2, 2006, pp. 12–47. (In Russ.)
9. Emerson, С. “In Honor of Mikhail Gasparov’s Quarter-Century of Not Liking Bakhtin: Pro and Contra” In: Poetics. Self. Place: Essays in Honor of Anna Lisa Crone, ed. Catherine O’Neil, Nichole Boudreau and Sarah Krive. Bloomington.
2007, pp. 26–49.
10. Emerson, С. “Shklovsky’s ostranenie, Bakhtin’s vnenakhodimost’ (How distance serves an aesthetics of arousal differently from an aesthetics based on pain)”. Poetics Today. Special issue on “Estrangement Revisited”, ed. Svetlana Boym, vol. 26. no. 4, 2005, pp. 637–664.
11. Epstein, М. “Dialogism and the Methodology of the Humanities. Mikhail Bakhtin”. The Phoenix of Philosophy. Russian Thought of the Late Soviet Period (1953–1991). Bloomsbury Academic, 2019, pp. 178–185.
12. Epstein, М. Filosofiya vozmozhnogo [A Philosophy of the Possible]. St Peterburg: Aleteiya Publ., 2001. 334 p.
13. Epstein, М. “The Ethics of Imagination”. Berry, Ellen E. and Epstein, Mikhail N. Transcultural Experiments. Russian and American Models of Creative Communication. St. Martin’s Press, New York, 1999, pp. 164–168.
14. Epstein, М. “Mikhail Bakhtin and the Future of the Humanities”. The Transformative Humanities. A Manifesto, trans. Igor Klyukanov. Bloomsbury, 2012, pp. 57–66.
15. Epstein, М. A Philosophy of the Possible. Modalities in Thought and Culture. Transl. by Vern W. McGee and Marina Eskina. Boston, Leiden et al: Brill Academic Publishers, Rodopi (Value Inquiry Book Series 333), 2019. 365 p.
16. Epstein, M. “The Unasked Question: What Would Bakhtin Say?” Common Knowledge, no. 10, 2004, pp. 42–60.
17. Epstein, M., Yur'enen, S. Entsiklopediya yunosti. [Encyclopedia of Youth]. Moscow: Eksmo. Publ., 2018. 592 p. (In Russ.)
18. Grigor'ev, Apollon. “Bakhtin i Korovashko” [Bakhtin and Korovashko] (4 April 2018). Available at: http://www.proza.ru/2018/04/03/1131 (date of access: 01.06.2021). (In Russ.)
19. Komarov, A. (ed.) “Demon russkoi teorii: dlya chego segodnya nuzhen Mikhail Bakhtin. K 125-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya avtora ‘Problem poetiki Dostoevskogo’” [“The demon of Russian theory: What Mikhail Bakhtin is needed for today. On the 125th anniversary of the birth of the author of ‘Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics’”].
Available at: https://gorky.media/autor/komarov/ (date of access: 01.06.2021). (In Russ.)
20. Korovashko, A.V. Mikhail Bakhtin [Mikhail Bakhtin]. Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya Publ., 2017. 464 p. (In Russ.)
21. Korovashko, A.V. Zagovory i zaklinaniya v russkoi literature XIX–XX vekov [Conspiracies and Incantations in Russian Literature of the 19 th-20 th Centuries]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Kulaginoi–Intrada Publ., 2009. 364 p. (In Russ.)
22. Lipovetskii, M., Sandomirskaya, I. “Kak ne ‘zavershit'’ Bakhtina? Perepiska iz dvukh elektronnykh uglov” [“How not to ‘finalize’ Bakhtin? A Correspondence from two electronic corners”]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 79, 2006, pp. 7–38. (In Russ.)
23. M.M. Bakhtin: Besedy s V.D. Duvakinym [M.M. Bakhin: Conversations with V.D. Duvakin], ed. S.G. Bocharov. Мoscow: Soglasie Publ., 2002. 400 p. (In Russ.)
24. Makhlin, V.L. “Future-in-the-Past: Mikhail Bakhtin’s Thought Between Heritage and Reception”. The Palgrave Handbook of Russian Thought, eds. Marina F. Bykova, Michael N. Forster, Lina Steiner. London: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2021, pp. 643–657.
25. Martynov, V.A. “Epistemologiya kritiki (ochen' polemicheskie zametki o novoi knige pro Mikhaila Bakhtina)” [“Epistemology of criticism (very polemical new book notes on the new book about Mikhail Bakhtin)”]. Vestnik Omskogo
universiteta, vol. 23, no. 2, 2018, pp. 112–126. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.25513/1812–3996.2018.23(2).112–126
26. McCaw, D. Bakhtin and Theatre: Dialogues with Stanislavsky, Meyerhold and Grotowski. Routledge, 2016. 264 р.
27. McCaw, D. Rethinking the Actor’s Body. Dialogues with Neuroscience. London, 2020. 296 р.
28. McCaw, D. Toward a Philosophy of the Moving Body. In Mikhail Bakhtin’s Heritage in Literature, Arts, and Psychology. Art and Answerability, eds. Slav N. Gratchev and Howard Mancing, Lanham: Lexington Books, 2018, pp. 237–254.
29. Mikhail Bakhtin. The Duvakin Interviews, 1973. Ed. Slav N. Gratchev and Margarita Marinova, trans. Margarita Marinova. Lewisburg PA: Bucknell UP, 2019. 340 p.
30. Nikolaev, N.I. “Oporochennaya zhisn’ filosofa” [“The discredited life of a philosopher”]. Literaturnyi fact, no. 7, 2018, pp. 385–391. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.22455/2541–8297–2018–7-385–391
31. Osovskii, O.E. “Nou-khau biograficheskogo zhanra” [“The Know-How of the Biographical Genre”]. Voprosy literatury, no. 3, 2018, pp. 62–83. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31425/0042–8795–2018–3-62–83
32. Perlina, N. “Ne mogu molchat'! Ya obvinyayu!” [“Can’t Keep Silent! I Accuse!”]. Russkaya literatura, no. 3, 2018, pp. 113–120. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31860/0131–6095–2018–3-113–12
33. Perlina, N. Varieties of Poetic Utterance: Quotation in “The Brothers Karamazov”. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985. 228 р.
34. Ryasov, A. “Dvoinoi promakh biografa. V zashchitu nepodsudnykh: o novoi kritike
Mikhaila Bakhtina” [“The biographer's double blunder. In defense of the nondefendants: on the new Bakhtin criticism”]. 27.12.2017. Available at: http://gefter.ru.archive/23628 (date of access: 01.06.2021). (In Russ.)
35. Tihanov, G. The Birth and Death of Literary Theory. Regimes of Relevance in Russia and Beyond. Stanford: Stanford UP. 2019. 258 p.
36. Weygandt, S. “Plasticheskie tela v nauchnykh rabotakh Trofima Lysenko, Arona Zalkinda i v iskusstve Konstantina Stanislavskogo v epokhu sovetskogo bikheviorizma” [“The Plastic Bodies in the Science of Trofim Lysenko and Aron Zalkind and in the Art of Konstantin Stanislavsky in the Era of Soviet Behaviorism”], trans.
by Ya. Agafonova. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 167, pp. 130–150. (In Russ.)
37. Zenkin, S. “Kniga kak sobytie [Book as an Event]. Galin Tihanov. The Birth and Death of Literary Theory: Regimes of Relevance in Russia and Beyond. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2019”. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, no. 167, 2021, pp. 89–129. (In Russ.)